Name : Yazeed Alqahtani

Paper title : Smart Monitoring System for Distribution Transformers Based on IoT and Solar Energy

Affiliation : Saudi Arabia, King Khalid University, College of Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering

Country : Saudi Arabia

Paper Abstract : Distribution transformers are critical links in the power grid, yet they remain highly susceptible to failures caused by overloading, oil overheating, and insulation degradation. Traditional reactive maintenance is inefficient, costly, and poses environmental risks due to potential oil leakage. This paper presents the design and implementation of a comprehensive, eco-friendly Smart Monitoring System tailored for a 100 kVA distribution transformer. The proposed system utilizes an Arduino UNO R4 Wi-Fi microcontroller and is designed to operate autonomously using a renewable solar energy unit, promoting sustainability. To validate the system, a software-based simulation algorithm was developed to model the thermal and electrical behavior of the transformer under varying loads. Key monitored parameters include oil temperature, oil level, internal pressure, and electrical loads. A novel feature, the "Digital Nameplate," enables remote asset specification retrieval via the Blynk IoT platform, enhancing management efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate the system’s ability to detect faults early—specifically pressure anomalies—thereby preventing hazardous oil spills. This solution offers a sustainable, low-cost, and environmentally responsible approach to modernizing the distribution grid. Index Terms: Distribution Transformer, IoT, Arduino UNO R4, Solar Energy, Eco-friendly, Predictive Maintenance, Smart Grid.

Conference Details : WRFER International Conference London, United Kingdom - 07th February 2026